新文道考研
2018-12-03 10:24:00
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美國正處于史上第二長復蘇期，國民生產(chǎn)總值年增長率3.5%。如果你生在1975年，那么你迄今為止的一生中美國的經(jīng)濟規(guī)模擴張到了原來的三倍。但美國人民感到幸福么?答案是否定的。調查顯示，人們對資本主義的信心實際上正在下降，尤其是盛世下絕望的年輕人。他們受過良好的高等教育，興致勃勃地踏入社會，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)等待他們的不是穩(wěn)定而體面的工作，而是零時經(jīng)濟的計件任務。時代的進步也沒有讓他們享受更健康的生活。美國疾病預防控制中心的報告稱，美國的平均預期壽命連續(xù)三年下降。這是有違普遍規(guī)律的，因為在一個富裕的社會中，人們的壽命幾乎總是呈上升趨勢。他們在這個繁花似錦的黃金時代凋零并且真正地死去。
They graduated from college, saddled with debt, and naturally expected the world to embrace them as their parents and schools had done. Instead, many entered into the gig economy, where a lot of work is temporary and insecure.
How many unpaid internships can you endure before you lose faith in the system?
But the biggest factor is the crisis of connection. People, especially in the middle- and working-class slices of society, are less likely to volunteer in their community, less likely to go to church, less likely to know their neighbors, less likely to be married than they were at any time over the past several decades. In short, they have fewer resources to help them ride the creative destruction that is ever-present in a market economy.
And they are dying. On Thursday, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported that life expectancy in the United States declined for the third straight year. This is an absolutely stunning trend. In affluent, well-connected societies, life expectancies rise almost as a matter of course.
詞匯突破：
saddle 承受;裝以馬鞍
embrace 擁抱
gig economy 零時經(jīng)濟
temporary 臨時的
insecure 不穩(wěn)定的
internship 實習
stunning 驚人的
life expectancy 預期壽命
第一句:
They graduated from college, saddled with debt, and naturally expected the world to embrace them as their parents and schools had done.
切分：
1. They graduated from college
2. saddled with debt
3. and naturally expected the world to embrace them
4. as their parents and schools had done
參考譯文：他們背負著債務從大學畢業(yè)，自然期待世界會擁抱他們，像父母和學校一樣。
第二句：
Instead, many entered into the gig economy, where a lot of work is temporary and insecure.
切分：
1. Instead,
2. many entered into the gig economy,
3. where a lot of work is temporary and insecure
參考譯文：相反，許多人進入了零時經(jīng)濟，那里大量工作都是臨時性的、不穩(wěn)定的。
第三句：
How many unpaid internships can you endure before you lose faith in the system?
切分：
1. How many unpaid internships can you endure
2. before you lose faith in the system?
參考譯文：你在對制度失去信心之前，能忍受多少份無償實習?
第四句：
But the biggest factor is the crisis of connection.
參考譯文：但最大的因素是聯(lián)系危機。
第五句:
People, especially in the middle- and working-class slices of society, are less likely to volunteer in their community, less likely to go to church, less likely to know their neighbors, less likely to be married than they were at any time over the past several decades.
切分：
1. People are less likely to volunteer in their community
2. especially in the middle- and working-class slices of society,
3. less likely to go to church
4. less likely to know their neighbors
5. less likely to be married
6. than they were at any time
7. over the past several decades
參考譯文：與過去幾十年的任何時候相比，人們——特別是中產(chǎn)階級和工薪階層——在社區(qū)做志愿者，去教堂，認識自己的鄰居和結婚的可能性都更低。
第六句：
In short, they have fewer resources to help them ride the creative destruction that is ever-present in a market economy.
切分：
1. In short,
2. they have fewer resources to help them
3. ride the creative destruction
4. that is ever-present in a market economy
參考譯文：簡而言之，他們有更少的資源來幫助自己渡過市場經(jīng)濟中一直存在的創(chuàng)造性破壞。
第七句
And they are dying.
參考譯文：并且他們正在死去。
第八句
On Thursday, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported that life expectancy in the United States declined for the third straight year.
參考譯文：周四疾病預防控制中心報告稱，美國的預期壽命連續(xù)三年下降。
第九句
This is an absolutely stunning trend.
參考譯文：這是一個絕對驚人的趨勢。
第十句
In affluent, well-connected societies, life expectancies rise almost as a matter of course.
參考譯文：在富裕、關系良好的社會中，預期壽命幾乎理所當然地會上升。
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